Classical studies Essay Example for Free

Classical studies Essay The Colosseum was the first permanent amphitheatre to be built in Rome. Its huge size, as well as the practical and efficient way it dealt with organising of events and ways of controlling large crowds in a safe manner makes it one of the greatest architectural buildings ever constructed in the Roman Empire and was a gift from Emperor Vespasian and finished under Emperor Titus. The building itself is a vast ellipse with tiers of seating for about 50,000 spectators around a central elliptical arena. There are 76 entrances into the amphitheatre to allow crowds to arrive and leave safely and quickly.  The architects had recognised the need for more permanent seating in the Colosseum as opposed temporary wooden benches or the piles of earth used in previous amphitheatres located in other cities. This was after all the centre of the known world and home to the Emperor and so had to be built on a grand scale never seen before. Firstly it had to be a safe place for people to visit and stay for periods of time. Many revolutionary safety devices were designed and attached to the Colosseum, such as the podiums that were built with top rollers that prevented the wild animals and convicts from climbing on top and into the crowd.  There is also the design of the exterior to consider. Despite the main activity going on inside the theatre, the design of the outside was equally if not more important. What it outwardly showed was very important to the Romans. The games were responsible for ridding the city of criminals and dangerous animals, it had to symbolise great power and splendour. The grand scale of the Colosseum was impressive but not overpowering, it was important that it was welcoming but large enough to entertain audiences in there thousands. PART TWO Essay Although they occupied one of the lowest rungs on the roman society ladder, Gladiators were widely regarded as some of the bravest members of roman society.  A gladiator was considered a professional fighter and apart from fighting other gladiators, would also pit his skills against animals in amphitheatres all over the empire. These battles started out as mere ceremonial bouts at funerals before evolving over 600 or so years into the sort of grand entertainment that we now think of as a typical day in the colosseum or indeed any of the amphitheatres around the republic and empire. The word Gladiator comes from the Latin gladiatores meaning swordsman, which in turn comes from the word gladius which was a short sword used by soldiers in the roman army. Gladiators were usually slaves or prisoners who were bought by a manager and trainer of gladiators (known as a lanista) in order to be trained as proper gladiators. There were also some free men who actually volunteered to be gladiators, no doubt looking for the celebrity that the profession offered successful entrants, a lot like children of today aspiring to becoming a famous footballer or cricketer. There were several different types of gladiators who were trained to excel in the use of different weapons, and wore different types of armour depending on the type of combat they were to enter. Some gladiators who had been prisoners of war used their native weapons and armour, and portrayed themselves as their native characters in battles, such as Gauls or Thracians.  The image often given of the Gladiator as a savage fighter might very well be just fiction. They were very skilled at what they did and like most people they would rather live than die. This is not so the case of criminals who fought and although given training, were not expected to live beyond a year. A gladiator who survived over three years was on occasion set free. It is now thought that fights may have been more civilised and theatrical than previously believed. The level of training these men undertook suggests that they would have been very good at putting on a show for the paying public and controlling movements, in the same way that the wrestlers of today are basically putting on a show. And even if the audience did order a gladiator dead at the conclusion of a match, it is highly probable that the opponent imposed only a superficial wound, in order to please the crowd. The losing gladiator might have then been dragged under the staging area and killed by an executioner undercover or allowed to recover and then resume his occupation a few months later under a new name. After all, it was all about entertaining the masses and making money for both the trainer and the owners of the venues. Because they were such expensive investments, gladiators were allowed the very best food and received the very best medical care available. In most cases Gladiators only fought 3 or 4 times a year so to stay fresh and make a big draw for the crowd who would undoubtedly had favourites from each troop of fighters who would roam from area to area fighting in different amphitheatres month after month. The games though were not only a source of entertainment for the citizens of the Roman empire, but many saw the chance to acquire fame, popularity, a reversal of lost fortunes and even freedom if they were lucky enough to survive. The games were primarily important because of what they offered those involved. Many people profited from the games, in particular those who hosted them. The games conveyed the habits of the upper class, for anyone who hosted the games it was a measure of their wealth as the expense was huge due to the number of beasts and fighters needed to entertain the crowd for any length of time. A new generation of traders and politicians found fame and popularity because they were able to spend great amounts to stage the games, which increased their status and influence within the upper social circle of the roman class system. Because of the way the games were held, it allowed the common people to mix with the upper classes at these events and on occasion win competitions for various luxury items, rather like the 1/2 time golden ticket draw held at most sporting events today. The games were not loved by everyone in roman society. As Cicero questions the measure of enjoyment the games can offer in C7 Pompeys shows, But what pleasure can it be to a man of refinement when either a powerless man is torn by a powerful beast, or else a magnificent beast is spitted on a hunting spear? What he is saying is if youve seen one man kill a beast youve seen it all and vice versa. The gladiator was looked upon as both a hero and a rogue depending on his route into the games and his ability to wow the crowd with his skills as both a warrior and an actor.  In conclusion, the gladiators were important because of what they could offer both the public and the wealthy in respect of status and prestige. The games were also important to Romans because of where they were held and what the amphitheatre conveyed, the very symbol of the politics of Rome.

Theme of the Creator in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tiger :: essays research papers

A Creator of Innocence and Terror? Could there be a creator that has the audacity to create one creature so pure, gentle, and innocent then, in turn, create another creature of a hideous nature, so terrifying that one could be driven to insanity just by thinking upon it? In William Blake’s poems â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger† he describes such a creator as this. The reader will find that there are several similarities between the two poems, but in these similarities there are also various differences. In William Blake’s poem â€Å"The Lamb† the speaker begins with the ultimate question, â€Å"Little Lamb, who made thee?/ Dost though know who made thee?/† (Blake lines 1-2). The speaker then continues to elaborate on the question in a playful, innocent, singsong manner describing the kindness and thoughtfulness that the creator put in to producing this ever so gentle lamb. The tone of this poem is soft and lulling, the tender, calm rhyme scheme puts the reader in a soothing, dreamlike state. â€Å"The words and images presented - stream, mead, delight, softest, tender and rejoice - are positive and pastoral. One can picture a lamb frolicking in the green grass†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Smith). In the second stanza the speaker restates the question, then proudly the speaker declares, â€Å"Little Lamb I’ll tell thee,/ Little Lamb I’ll tell thee!/† (Blake lines 11-12). Allusions to Christianity blossom in the poem at this point as the speaker states that the creator of this lamb is called by the same name. In Christianity, Jesus Christ is referred to as the lamb of God and/or the Sheppard, His followers are also referred to as His flock. The speaker then proceeds to state that he and the lamb are one and the same, ending the poem with â€Å"Little Lamb God bless thee./ Little Lamb God bless thee./(Blake lines 19-20) this invokes reassurance in the reader. William Blake’s poem â€Å"The Tyger† also asks the ultimate question â€Å"What immortal hand or eye/ Could frame thy fearful symmetry?/† (Blake lines 3-4). The tone of this poem is more of a horrific nature. The speaker seems as if he is trying to escape this horrendous beast, the reader can almost feel the panic and terror that the speaker seems to be going through. â€Å"Blake creates this effect by drawing on several poetic devices†(Furr). The first of these is trochaic meter, which gives the poem an underlying beat or chant like quality.

Bcom 275 Demonstrative Communication Paper

Demonstrative Communication Paper BY: Erin Kelly BCOM 275 There are several things that can be said about nonverbal and unwritten communication. When you are talking to someone or someone is talking to you. You can tell a lot about how well the person is listening and understands what you are saying. You can also tell by their body language and facial expressions if they are interested in what you are saying. If you are talking to someone and they are not making eye contact that shows a few things either they don’t understand what you are talking about or they are not interested in what you are saying. If they are looking at you but have a puzzled look on their face that shows they are listening but also shows they are confused about what you are talking about or what you are saying is completely wrong or off the topic you started talking about. Body language also tells a lot about the listener and the speaker. If you are talking to someone and they are playing with their hands, folding their arms or doing anything else but paying full attention to the speaker. That shows they are just waiting for you to be done talking so that they can go back and do what they would rather be doing. If the speaker is looking around the room or maybe playing with the note cards or whatever the case may be. That shows that maybe they aren’t very comfortable with what they are talking about or they are not very good at public speaking. Other things that are unwritten and nonverbal are they we live. If you have a clean and organized house or apartment that says a lot about you to other people. If your home is inviting and colorful and cheery that shows that you are ready for visitors at any time and they are welcome they are welcome to come in. If your house or apartment is dark and messy that shows you would rather be alone and have no one come over. Do you have a fence or a line of trees separating you from your neighbors that also says a lot about you? It says you are a not a very social person and would rather be left alone then talk to people. In some cultures touching and hugging is a big part of their lives. How you touch someone says a lot about you. The way you touch someone says a lot if you touch them loving and comforting it shows you are kind. If you touch them too hard and hurt them, people are going to be afraid to touch you when they see you. In the United States we always shake hands with people when see them or meet someone a new person. That says you are friendly but not always in a good way. We shake hands with a lot of people and sometimes we don’t really want to see that person any more. The way we handle employees at work is another example. If you have to reprimand and an employee the way you go about it says a lot about you. If you are loud and yell at the employee it says you don’t respect the person as an employee or a person in general. You are telling that employee that they are basically useless and you don’t want them around. If you reprimand the employee but do it in a positive way that says you respect the employee and you are just trying to help them learn from their mistakes. That shows them that they are part of the team and you are willing to work them until they understand what you expect of them. We show nonverbal and unwritten communication in our lives each and every day. How we choose to do it is up to us. Only we can give an impression on people it’s up to us if we want to leave a good impression or a bad impression. We communicate with every one we see though out the day and it’s not always good communication. So we need to remember that every time we come in contact with someone. How do we want that person to remember us?

The Relationship between the Polio Vaccine and AIDS in Africa

In the late 1950s, several groups of researches and scientists were developing some vaccines against polio. At that time, polio was still an epidemic worldwide disease. One of these vaccines, made by Dr. Hilary Koprowski MD (1916-2013) was used to test it on millions of people in Africa, after first being trailed in the USA. The vaccine virus was grown in tissue cultures taken from macaque monkeys before being introduced to millions of people , who were largely living in Burundi, Rwanda, and Congo (now, the Democratic Republic of the Congo) from 1957 to 1960. In 1992, Rolling Stone magazine published a story that argued about the oral polio vaccine (OPV), which was developed by Hilary Koprowski as a possible source of the HIV as well as the AID epidemic. In December 1993, Dr. Koprowski sued Rolling Stone and the writer of the article, and the clarification statement is been issued in the magazine, saying that the editors of Rolling Stone wish to explain that they never intended to su ggest in the article that there is any logical proof, nor do they have enough knowledge of any scientific evidence, that Dr. Koprowski, a famous scientist, was in fact the one who introduced the HIV to a large number of human population or that he is the father of AIDS epidemic†¦. Dr. Koprowskis pioneering work in developing oral polio vaccines has assisted spare suffering and death to hundreds of thousands of possible victims of paralytic poliomyelitis and is maybe one of his greatestShow MoreRelatedVaccine Requirements : Vaccine Requirement Rights1149 Words   |  5 PagesAshley Chavez-Muniz Breonna Thompson Krystal Egbuchunam Ms. Anderson 5 May, 2016 Vaccine Requirement Rights I. 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